R. Bohîlțea, C.A. Zugravu, N. Țurcan, D. Ioniţă, O. Teodor, M. Cîrstoiu
Rezumat: The birth, growth, development, reproduction and senescence
under physiological conditions can be achieved without
diminishing the role of the other important aspects that
influence
them, only with the support of an optimal diet
which is a fundamental requirement nowadays, considering
that health and nutritional status are in a permanent interdependence.
The effects of inadequate nutrition reflect
on the expression of genes, influencing the development
of certain diseases in childhood and adulthood. Knowing
the phases of the gestation period, in which the needs of
certain
nutrients are increased and their absence has the
most serious impact on fetal growth and development,
allows
for the adoption in due time of concrete preventive
rules. Disorders associated with lipid malabsorption, such
as celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, pancreatic insufficiency,
cystic fibrosis and cholestatic disease, are associated
with low serum levels of 5-hydroxyvitamin D. Vitamin D
deficiency
in the newborn can express as deficient skeletal
homeostasis,
congenital rickets, and fractures in the early
days of life. A low level of vitamin D during pregnancy seems
to increase the risk of preeclampsia, intrauterine growth
restriction and gestational diabetes, and in the longer term
it seems to affect the bone, immune system and general
status.
The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D is increasing
globally, and the effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome
of the vitamin D deficiency and supplementation
are a topical issue, which is currently under investigation. Cuvinte cheie: vitamin D, pregnancy, deficiency